Biomarker deep-dives, longevity science, and the research behind your Merios health score.
Reference ranges are built to detect disease, not to confirm health. How to read the space between 'in range' and 'optimal' — starting with the folate–B12–homocysteine triangle.
91 articles
Convert any HbA1c to your estimated average glucose (eAG) in mg/dL and mmol/L. Full A1C-to-blood-sugar chart, the formula behind it, and why your meter and A1C can disagree.
Fasting glucose 110 mg/dL sits in the middle of the prediabetes range (100–125). Here's what 110 means, how it maps to A1C, and the fastest ways to bring it back under 100.
HbA1c 5.6% is technically normal (below 5.7%) but sits at the very top of the normal range. Here's what 5.6 means, your average glucose, and how to keep it from drifting up.
HbA1c 6.0% sits in the upper half of prediabetes (5.7–6.4%), close to the diabetes line. Here's what 6.0 means, your estimated average glucose, and how to bring it back down.
HbA1c 6.5% is the exact cutoff for a type 2 diabetes diagnosis. Here's what 6.5 means, your average blood sugar, why one test isn't enough, and the first moves that matter.
A practical, evidence-based guide to lowering HbA1c without medication: the levers that move it most, how much each is worth, and a realistic 3-month timeline.
ApoB 90 mg/dL puts you between optimal (<80) and borderline cardiovascular risk. Here's what 90 means and how to bring it under 80.
hs-CRP 3.0 mg/L crosses the AHA cardiovascular risk threshold (>3.0 = high risk). Here's what 3.0 means and how to lower it in 12 weeks.
Fasting glucose 100 mg/dL sits exactly at the prediabetes threshold (100–125 mg/dL). Here's what 100 means and how to push it back to optimal.
Ferritin 30 ng/mL is technically 'normal' but functionally iron-deficient for most people. Here's what 30 means and how to get to optimal.
LDL 130 mg/dL is borderline-high cholesterol per ATP guidelines. Here's what 130 means, what's actually optimal, and how to lower it without medication.
Vitamin D 30 ng/mL is the official 'sufficient' threshold but well below the optimal 40–60 ng/mL. Here's what 30 means and how to get to optimal.
ALT 40 U/L is technically normal but above optimal. Modern guidelines suggest different thresholds for liver health.
High anti-TPO antibodies signal Hashimoto's thyroiditis, an autoimmune thyroid condition. Learn what elevated TPO means and how to manage it.
Evidence-based supplement recommendations for men based on blood work, from foundational stack to targeted interventions.
Estimate your biological age using blood test biomarkers. Learn the PhenoAge method and track your aging rate using 9 key blood markers.
Get baseline blood tests before supplementing. Learn which markers to test before starting vitamins, minerals, and herbal supplements safely.
Boron supplement benefits: testosterone, estrogen metabolism, and inflammation. Evidence-based dosing, food sources, and side effects.